FIN 242 Chapter 1: Introduction

Definition of Finance.

Finance is " Process which money is transferred among business, individuals and goverment"-                                 Gitman & Madura,2001

What is financial management?

• A process involved in an attempt  to obtain and allocate financial resources effectively and efficiently to achieve firm's  goal. That is to maximize the shareholder's wealth by maximizing the share price.
• Involves money-related decision on:
  i) the source of money.
  ii) the keeping of money.
  iii) the investment of money.
  iv) how to use the money to generate even more money in order to achieve company's                     objectives.
  
  
  
  

Things that motivate Me

                   Be grateful  for every little things that happen in my life.

                   Everything happens have their own reason.

                   I feel blessed that I still awake every morning.

                   pray to god that still keeps me alive,

                   I'm glad that i can see the sun shine through my window.

                   I can still see my precious parents.The thoughtful them.

                   I'm happy that i still can improved myself time by time,

                   I can pursue my dream and passion.

                   I can love someone who loved me.

                   The positive things happens will encourage them.

                    But the negative things will make them stronger to fight.

                    Keep Positive In Our Life And Enjoyed ❤️ !!!!

Prologue

The coldness weather right now doesn’t change the feeling that she holds right now. The pains held deep inside her heart. How can she hold the pain that deeply hurting her until right now? How can a girl such an Angel like her be broken by Devil like Him?

“Sara, Let’s go.” someone tell to that girl they have to go home. It’s been an hour she spent right there. Looking at the sky and beautiful beach.

“Zayne”

He’s the one that talking to the girl, The girl that he cherished and loved. The Girl that he saved from a guy.NO it’s a devil that act like the Human being. That girl totally in the pain, that he even could not brain how can someone treated other like an animal. “Being feed by leftover food that he could not finish, the food he grabbed in the trash bin. Cuffed and put the girl in Room with rats and cockroach, flew with hatred”.  Zayne totally grateful that he is the one that saved the girl. He Swears he will make that guy pays for what he did.

“Zayne, can we go somewhere else?” said Sara. She wanted to go somewhere that she can release all the sadness and memories in her life. She wanted to throw all that wicked memories.

“Where you want to go? I will bring you anywhere you want, “ Zayne replied with a huge smile on his face. The face that always brings her joy and is the one that makes a big changed in her life, The Hero in Her Life”

Skincare Ingredient Tips

Recently, I was looking for brightening ingredient in skincare which is suggest by my sister and also my favourite youtuber @MaisarahMahmud.
I really recommended who have problems with their skin to watched Maisarah Mahmud channel on Youtube Here are the link : https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsREWzJ7XwzF8oFWKZleDCA

I have problem with acne and scar after breakout using some local skincare.
Therefore, I will never tried local skincare anymore as precautions

But before we want to find brightening ingredients, we must have a solid skincare routine such as Cleanser →Moisturer→Sunscreen 

List for brightening ingredients:

1. Arbutin

2. Niacinamide

3. Kojic Acid

4. Fermented Rice

5. Galactomyces

6. Licorice Root Extract

Before you want to buy any skincare , then you can search this ingredient on their ingredients label or you guys can check on Cosdna
here the link:http://www.cosdna.com/

QMT 181 Chapter 1

1.6 Sampling

   - Sampling is a process of selecting sample based on the population of interest.
 
  - Sampling frame is a list of individuals or items from which the sample can be obtained.

    Advantages of Sampling

• Reduce the cost 
• Produce adequate information in shorter of period (reduce time spent).
• Provide information that is almost accurate as the result from a complete census.
• Reduce non-sampling errors due to a small number of respondents.

1.6.1 Terminologies in Sampling.

        - Probability Sample (Random Sample)

        Does not involve random selection. Used when sampling frames are difficult to obtain.
         Is considerably less expensive than doing probability sampling, but the results are of limited
         value.

• Simple Random Sampling
• Systematic Sampling
• Stratified Sampling
• Cluster Sampling
• Multistage Sampling

      - Non-Probability Sample ( Non-Random Sample)

       Any method of sampling that utilizes some form of random selection. In order to have a random
   selection method, you must set up some process or procedure that assures that the different
     unit in your population have equal probabilities of being chosen.

• Quota Sampling
• Judgmental Sampling
• Convenient Sampling

    

   1.7 Data Collection Method

         -method that commonly used by a researcher to get primary data.

• Direct Interview/ Personal interview.
• Telephone Interview.
• Mailed Questionnaire.
• Direct Observation.
• Online Surveys. 

1.8   Designing a Questionnaire.

     

   -Questionaire is a written instrument that contain  a series of questions or items that attempt collect       information on a particular subject.

      -Several steps to be considered when designing a Questionaire.

• Kept simple and phrase to imply the same meaning to all respondents.
• Specify the information to be collected.
• Questionnaire must be short as possible.
• Organized systematically and should have some kind of natural logic sequences.
• Avoid questions that need calculation.

QMT 181 Chapter 1

Chapter 1: Introduction of Statistics

What is Statistics?

1.1 Statistics is a systematic study of identifying patterns, measuring, displaying, summarizing and            modelling in order to gain knowledge from a data set.


1.2 Statistics can be classified into two types of namely" descriptive and inferential statistics.

     1.3  Source of Data.

   

• Can be classified  into two categories " Primary and Secondary Data".   

      1.4 Types of Variable

     - Variable can be defined as any characteristics that can be measured from an element.
       There are two types o variable:

• Quantitative
• Qualitative   

     

     

     1.5   Scale of Measurement

      Scale of measurement refer to the ways in which variables are defined and categorized.

      There are 4 scale of measurement

   

           i) Nominal

          ii) Ordinal

         iii) Ratio

         iv) Interval